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If you are weighing up a switch to lithium, or trying to work out which charger your pack needs, these two answer the questions we are asked most.
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Lithium vs lead-acid: the five-year arithmetic
A worked cost comparison for an e-rickshaw doing 100 km a day, with every assumption written down. Lithium costs ₹0.79 per kilometre against ₹1.12 — and pays back at month 30, not month three.
Cost analysis · 11 min -
Which charger fits my battery pack?
Why a “48V” lithium pack needs a 58V charger, how to derive the right voltage from your cell count, how to size the current, and what each kind of mismatch does to the pack.
Technical reference · 10 min
Sizing a pack
Voltage is fixed by your vehicle; capacity is the decision you make. These three cover the configurations used across Indian three-wheelers, with the range and current arithmetic worked through for each.
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The 48V lithium pack, explained properly
Sixteen LFP cells, 51.2 V nominal. How to size capacity for your daily distance, why current draw is the number that breaks packs, and the four situations where you should be looking at 60V instead.
Configuration · 9 min -
Why 60V became the default e-rickshaw pack
The same motor power at 16% less current, which cuts resistive heating by nearly a third. What a working day looks like electrically, and why you cannot simply fit one to a 48V vehicle.
Configuration · 10 min -
72V packs for e-loaders: sizing for payload
Cargo duty is defined by sustained current, not peaks. Thermal accumulation, cable sizing, connector failure, and reading a pack that is starting to go.
Heavy duty · 10 min
Choosing components
The parts of a pack that are invisible from the outside, and where the difference between a good quote and a cheap one actually lives.
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LFP or NMC? Judged on Indian conditions
Energy density against cycle life, heat tolerance and safety margin — plus cost per usable kWh delivered over a pack’s life, which is the comparison that actually decides it.
Chemistry · 10 min -
The BMS: cheapest part to downgrade
What it protects against, why balancing decides whether a pack is still worth using in year four, and the seven questions that reveal whether you are being sold a smart BMS or a protection board.
Components · 11 min -
AIS 156, IS 16046 and the rest, decoded
What each standard covers, why certified cells do not make a certified pack, and the five documents to ask any supplier to produce.
Compliance · 10 min
Living with a lithium pack
What to do after it is fitted — and how to tell genuine degradation from the half-dozen things that look like it.
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Charging habits that add years to a pack
Heat is the dominant variable and nothing else is close. Weekly balancing charges, winter rules, storage state of charge, and diagnosing range loss before blaming the battery.
Practical · 10 min -
Upgrading a scooty from lead-acid to lithium
29 kg off the vehicle, roughly double the range, two hours to charge instead of eight. Fitment, controller settings, which scooters it suits, and charging safely at home.
Upgrade · 9 min -
Sizing a solar inverter and battery bank
A full worked load calculation for an Indian home — surge versus running watts, VA versus watts, battery bank sizing, panel count, and what a Delhi December does to all of it.
Worked example · 11 min